the ladder · rung 5 of 10

Level 5 · Control

Precise movement you command.

A servo isn't just a motor — it's a motor with an angle sensor and a tiny brain that fights to hold the position you asked for. Combine a servo with the buttons you already own and you can build gates, meters, and games. This level also hands you control over electricity itself: a zener diode that pins a voltage in place, and a MOSFET that switches a load without drawing any current to do it.

New in the box

  • Micro servo (SG90) — A motor that turns exactly as far as you tell it.
  • 9 V battery (PP3) + snap clip — Twice the push of the AA pack. Too much for an LED on its own — which is exactly why you learn to regulate it.
  • 100 Ω resistor — Half a 220. The LED resistor for a regulated 3.3 V rail, where there is less voltage to burn off.
  • 100 kΩ resistor — Ten 10 kΩs stacked. A pull-down for inputs that draw no current: MOSFET gates and logic pins.
  • Zener diode 3.3 V (1N4728) — A diode built to conduct backwards at exactly 3.3 V, so it pins a voltage no matter what the battery does.
  • MOSFET 2N7000 — A transistor switched by voltage, not current. Its gate draws nothing, so any signal can drive it.

with everything through L5, your box now holds 25 component types.

Ideas this level teaches

  • Voltage regulation — Holding one voltage steady while the battery sags and the load changes.
  • MOSFET switching — A switch turned on by voltage alone, so the thing controlling it spends no current.

Projects at Level 5

What you can build so far

Every project at Levels 1–5 draws on the components you now own — earlier projects never stop being useful. With the full L5 box you can tackle any of these 77 projects:

🔦 First Light · 📡 Morse Code Messenger · 🎈 Twin Reds · 🌿 Two Greens · 🌙 Night Pin · 🚦 Tabletop Traffic Light · 🚲 Bike Torch · 🚦 Signal Pair · 🕯️ Dim Candle · 🔴 Three Sisters · 🥀 One for All · 📶 Step Up · 🪜 Longer Loop · 🔦 Bright and Dim · 🌈 Rainbow Loop · 🔆 Reserve Beacon · 🚫 Short Cut · 🔐 The Vault · 🚪 Do Not Disturb Sign · 🤝 Handhold Chain · 🚪 Two-Door Signal · 🚨 Signal Light · 🛟 Escape Hatch · 🧪 The Brightness Lab · 🔔 Door Buzzer · 📣 Pocket Beeper · 🎛️ Dial-a-Brightness · 📻 Dial-a-Buzz · 🔧 Continuity Tester · 🚨 Panic Doorbell · 🔈 Whisper Alarm · 🛎️ Two-Tone Doorbell · 🚨 Arm & Ring · 🔔 Twin Bells · 🖐️ Two-Hand Bell · 🔕 Silent Alarm · 🎮 Quiz Buzzer · 🔊 Loud/Polite Doorbell · 🎵 Duet Doorbell · 🔐 Vault Chime · 🤫 Hidden Mute · 🟢 Power Pilot · 🎚️ Shared Knob · 🌙 Automatic Night Light · 🌅 Sunrise Alarm · 🍪 Cookie Jar Alarm · 🪤 Trip Wire Alarm · 🌡️ Warm Hand Alarm · 📖 Reading Light · 🏝️ Vacation Nightlight · 📚 Study Lamp · 🌆 Curfew Beeper · 🤒 Fever Beeper · 🌇 Dusk Chorus · 🎺 Warm Hand Chorus · 🌅 Dawn Chorus · 🚨 Trip-Wire Chorus · 🌙 Night Doorbell · 🚨 Alley Lamp · 🙃 The Upside-Down Transistor · 💨 Puff Button · 🌀 First Spin · 🥤 Safety Blender · 💨 Handheld Fan · 🌞 Sunrise Fan · 🆘 Panic Fan · 🎉 Party Spinner · 🚗 Twin Wheels · 🎚️ Dial-a-Spin · 🕸️ Trip Wire Fan · 🌅 Sun Beacon · 🌙 Dusk Fan · ✋ Warm Hand Fan · ⚖️ The 3.3-Volt Rule · 🪶 The Switch That Uses No Current · 🌙 The Night Gate · 🔋 The Zener Battery Tester